Princess Niloufer the last daughter of Ottoman Empire married the second son of Nizam of Hyderabad in France 1931. Her philanthropy and empathy for the poor and the sick took the form of this iconic, prestigious Institute Niloufer Hospital that had served, cared and nurtured many a sick, sane and critical cases. Established in 1953 as a 100 bedded hospital with a vision to meet the health needs of mother and child had marched forward with no looking back. Presently it has bed strength of 500 with advanced maternity, pediatric, pediatric surgery supported by excellent diagnostic facilities. As an institute it was the arena for the medical graduates and post graduates who had learning with agility. Students of this institute have proved their mettle at National and International levels. The hospital had the honor of managing significant number of critical cases, performing rare surgeries. Today Niloufer Hospital is a quaternary care hospital for Obstetric, Pediatrics, Neonatology and Maternal Fetal Medicine. It is one of the largest hospitals of its kind in Asia with advanced training in the faculties.

Niloufer Hospital is housed in a building in the heart of historic Hyderabad and has an interesting past. This reputed institution was founded in 1949 by the Princess Niloufer. Princess Niloufer was the daughter of king of Ottoman Empire (Turkey) and was married to prince Moazzam Jah- son of 7th Nizam Mir Osman Ali Khan - (the last Asaf Jahi ruler) of Hyderabad Deccan in 1931. Just like Florence nightingale, the princess had a liking to serve the poor and also took to serving the poor as a nurse.[1]In 1949, one of the princess' maids died during childbirth due to lack of medical facilities. On hearing this news, the princess was very shattered. She then decided to ensure that no mother faces death hereafter. Princess Niloufer made known to her father-in-law the problems arising due to this lack of medical facilities. During those times, childbirth took place mostly at home and even simple complications could prove fatal for mother or child. Mir Najaf Ali Khan, member of H.E.H. the Nizam's Charitable Trust states that the princess had quoted “No more Rafaths shall die” when she decided to build a hospital. As a result, a specialty hospital for women and children was built in the Red Hills, Hyderabad area of the city. In 2018, the hospital was accused of negligence after the death of a toddler due to alleged incompatible blood transfusion (Toddler had Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis).